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საერთაშორისო საქველმოქმედო ფონდი muslim-georgia

ბეჭდვითი მონიტორინგი
დოქ. ფატიჰ ქურთი

კოორდინატორი
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ნაწარმოების განმხილველი კომისიის გადაწყვეტილება: 12.11.2019/119

ISBN: 978-605-7730-86-2
2019-34-Y-0003-1697
სერთიფიკატის ნო: 12930
1. გამოცემა, სტამბოლი 2019

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vedreba da cremli

doc. doq. fiqreT qaraman

haji da RvTismsaxureba

yoveli RvTismsaxureba sruldeba imitom, rom RmerTma ase brZana da maTi mizani RvTis kmayofilebis mopovebaa. amrigad, adamiani RvTismsaxurebis saSualebiT uaxlovdeba RmerTs, evedreba, gamoxatavs masze damokideblebas da a.S. adamianis gaCenis mizanic RmerTis Secnoba da misdami Tayvaniscemaa. yovel RvTismsaxurebas misTvis damaxasiaTebeli silamaze gaaCnia. misi sulieri ganzomileba moqmedebs adamianis pirad da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaze, rogorc fsiqologiuri, ise socialuri TvalsazrisiT. amitom, yoveli Suamavlis saerTo valdebuleba RvTisadmi Tayvaniscemisken mowodeba iyo. yuranSi nabrZanebia:

„hei, adamianno! Tayvani eciT RmerTsa Tqvensa, romelmac gagaCinaT Tqven da Tqven uwinares vinc iyo! amgvarad, egebis daculi iqmneT yovelive cudisagan. (bayara 21)

„da ueWvelad, allahi Cemi RmerTicaa da Tqvenic! maS, Tayvani eciT mas, es WeSmariti gzaa! (meriem 36)

cxadia, RvTismsaxurebis ZiriTadi mizani RvTisadmi Tayvaniscema, borotebisgan Tavis dacva, swori gziT siaruli, RmerTis cnoba da msaxurebaa. garda amisa, RvTismsaxureba adamianis Sinagan samyarosa da zneobas amdidrebs da amasTanave sulier wrTvnas uwyobs xels. am weriliT gvinda hajze, rogorc RvTismsaxurebaze gesaubroT. mTeli islamuri samyaro weliwadSi erTxel hajisTvis emzadeba. TiToeuli adamiani, romelic hajze apirebs wasvlas, dRiTidRe ufro da ufro met mRelvarebas ganicdis. isini elodebian im wams, rodesac sunTqvaSekruli, didi siyvaruliTa da mindobiT ganimsWvalebian. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, morwmuneebis mier mTeli cxovreba naocnebari da nalodinebi dro dgeba, roca isini qaabaSi, meqasa da medinaSi Cavlen. dReebi da Rameebi TiTqos nela midis. yvela momlocveli didi xniT adre mzadebaSia da erTi suli aqvT, rodis gaemgzavrebian. wasvlis win emSvidobebian yvelas, nacnobs, ucnobs, naTesavebs, megobrebs, axloblebs da patiebas sTxoven. izepireben im locvebs da vedrebas, rac im wminda adgilze yofnisas unda waikiTxon. iZenen gzamkvlevebs, romelbic hajze yofnisas moZraobaSi daexmarebaT da zogadad hajis ritualebis Sesaxeb informacias agroveben. mokled, yoveli momlocveli gansakuTrebul mzadebasa da mRelvarebaSia. maT gulebSi arsebuli rwmena da fiqrebi miwierebis sazRvrebs scdeba,

hajis gzaze wyaloba da momdomeba

haji, rogorc RvTismsaxureba sulieri TvalsazrisiT namdvilad amaRlvebeli da grZnobebiT datvirTuli ritualia. hajis dros gatarebuli yoveli dRe adamianis cxovrebasa da cnobierebaSi yvelaze efeqtur da Zvirfas drod darCeba. haji weliwadis garkveul dReebSi sruldeba da es dReebi Zalian swrafad gadis xolme. Sesabamisad yvela im momlocvels minda vurCio, rom aseT mniSvnelovan dReebSi ZiriTadi yuradReba da koncentracia gadaitanon hajis sulier mxareze da RvTismsaxurebaze da ara damRlel mgzavrobaze, sastumroze, kvebaze da a.S. bunebrivia organizaciuli sakiTxebic mniSvnelovania da maTi mogvarebisTvis zrunvac auclebeli ramaa, magram hajis am fizikur mxareze orientireba misi namdvili arsidan daSorebas gamoiwvevs da unda vecadoT, rom CvenTvis haji da masTan dakavSirebuli momsaxureba turistul momsaxurebad ar iqces. zedmati fufunebisa da siluqsis molodinebi unda ukuvagdoT, radgan es zogad ukmayofilebas da hajis mniSnelobis amqveyniuri survilebis CarCoebSi moqcevas gamoiwvevs. bunebrivia erT sivrceSi myofi milionobiT adamianis saWiroebebis srulad da unaklod dakmayofileba ukiduresad rTulia. masTan SedarebiT Zalian mcire jgufebTan mimarTebaSic ki xSirad ar xerxdeba organizaciuli sakiTxebis idealurad warmarTva. rogorc aqamde arsebuli gamocdileba cxadyofs, hajTan dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi saorganizacio sakiTxebi saudis arabeTSi mogvarebulia. mgzavroba, kveba, komunikacia, usafrTxoeba, janmrTelobis dacva, msxverplSewirva da sxva mniSnelovani sakiTxebi dRiTidRe viTardeba da am mxriv mimdinareobs ufro da ufro ukeTesi servisis SeTavazebis gegmaze muSaoba. aqve isic unda aRiniSnos, rom momlocvelTa raodenoba yovelwliurad matulobs, xolo hajis ritualisTvis gankuTvnili dReebi SezRudulia, amitom yvela problemis mogvareba SeuZlebelia.

ra Tqma unda haji mxolod sxeulis mogzauroba ki ara, amavdroulad sulis, grZnobebisa da fiqris mogzaurobacaa. konkretul drosa daadgilas misvla, locva, vedreba, iqauri haeris sunTqva da iqauri atmosferos SegrZneba adamianis religiuri cxovrebis mniSvnelovani momentebia. hajis dros Sesasrulebeli RvTismsaxureba, vedreba da locvebia imis mizezi, rom adamianis sulieri samyaro axal horizontebs iZens. hajis dros xorcieldeba yvela is mniSvnelovani aqtivobebi, romlebic adamianis sulieri cxovrebisTvis mravlismetyvelia. esnia: rwmena, moTmineba, nebis gamoxatva, namazi, tavafi, sai, vaqfe, mowyaleba, msxverplSewirva, vedreba, cremli, samyarosa da gamCenze fiqri, adamianebTan Sexvedra, gacnoba, urTierTdaxmareba, disciplina, megobroba, Zmoba da sxva. Suamavalma icoda hajis dros SesaZlo sirTuleebis Sesaxeb da hajis win RmerTs evedreboda gaeiolebina: „RmerTo, hajis Sesruleba msurs. gamiole da miiRe Cemgan“. hajis Sesrulebisas arsebobs garkveuli sirTuleebi, rac bunebrivia sxva saxis RvTismsaxurebis dros ar gvxvdeba. rogorc ukve mogaxseneT, miuxedavad Tanamedrove teqnologiebisa da gadaadgilebis servisis gaiolebisa, hajis dros mosalodneli sirTuleebis srulad aRmofxvra SeuZlebelia. sad da ra moulodneloba iCens Tavs, amas winaswar ver ganvsazRvravT. aseT dros, zogjer adamianebs nebisyofa RalatobT xolme. yovelwliurad, hajis sezonze msoflios yvela kuTxidan momlocvelebi erT konkretul lokaciaSi iyrian Tavs da aseTi grandiozuli xalxmravloba, meqaSi, arafatze, minaSi, muzdelifSi da medinaSi gadaadgilebis SezRudvas iwvevs. aseT xalxmravlobaSi manevrireba ioli ar aris. aseTi xalxmraloba gankiTxvis dRis erTgvari analigia. aw gardacvlili nejif fazil qisaqureqi Tavis memuarebSi hajis Sesaxeb werda: „arafati, ukudegano xeoba... xeoba ra sityvaa?... arafati didi moedania. mTeli kacobrioba aq ikribeba, xelebs aRapyrobs da RmerTs mitevebas sTxovs. es aris erT-erTi sanaxaoba gankiTxvis dRidan. es aris adgili, sadac pirveli adamiani da pirveli Suamavali RmerTs mitevebas sTxovda da is Sewyalebul iqna. es aris adgili, sadac wyalobis qariSxali foTlebiviT waiRebs codvebs da morwmuneTa vedreba miRebuli xdeba. es aris adgili, sadac yvela Suamavali, yvela wmindani mzadyofnaSia, raTa hajis RvTismsaxureba Seasrulos.“

locva, vedreba da cremli

hajze wasuli momlocvelebi SeiZleba gansxvavdebodnen erovnebiT, kanis feriTa da sametyvelo eniT, magram maTi rwmena, RvTismsaxureba, vedreba, mizani da cremli erTnairia. dedamiwis oTxive mxridan mosuli milionobiT momlocveli erTi da igive „parolis“ warmoTqmiT erTiandebian. „gvibrZane RmerTo, gvibrZane! Sen ar gyavs moziare. brZane! ueWvelia, rom Sen yovelgvari gandidebis, wyalobis, yvelafris flobisa da meufebis Rirsi xar. Sen ar gyavs moziare!“.

vedreba, es aris RmerTis sidiadis winaSe msaxuris umweobis aRiareba da misgan wyalobisa da Semweobis Txovna. vedrebis dros mavedrebelis mizania RmerTs Tavisi mdgomareoba warudginos. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, vedreba RmerTsa da msaxurs Soris pirdapiri kavSiria. es aris umoklesi gza, RmerTTan dasakavSireblad. am TvalsazrisiT, RvTis winaSe, adamianis fasi vedrebiTac ganisazRvreba. Semdegi aiaTebic amis dasturia:

„uTxari: „Tu ar iqneba Tqveni vedrebani, ratom moganiWebT Rirsebas RmerTi Cemi, roca is crud SeracxeT? ueWvelad, male is (sasjeli) gardauvali Seiqneba !“ (furyan 77)

„da brZana Tqvenma RmerTma: „SemevedreT da Sevismen Tqvens vedrebas. ueWvelad, romelnic medidurobas avlenen Cemdami msaxurebaSi, Sevlen jojoxeTSi damcirebulni“. (mumin 60)

wm. aiaTebisa da hadisebis mixedviT vedreba sakiTxis, miznisa da Sinaarsis mixedviT yalibdeba. Sesabamisad, hajis dros aRsavleni vedrebis Sinaarsi ZiriTadad RmerTis erTaderTobis dasturs, mis gandidebas, qebas, misdami rwmenas, misgan boZebuli wyalobis gamo madlierebas, misdami mindobas, monaniebas, mitevebis Txovnas, Sewynarebas da msgavs sakiTxebs Seicavs. garda amisa, vedrebis dros vedrebis forma, wesi, dro, adgili da adamianis Sinagani samyaroc mniSvnelovania. hajis dros, am Zvirfas drosa da adgilas locva-vedreba, sulieri simSvide, gulis siwminde, mRelvareba da cremli swored is gamorCeuli momentia, raTa RmerTTan davaxlovdeT. es SesaZlebloba da xelsayreli momenti rigianad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli. axla SemogTavazebT ramodenime mokle vedrebas im imediT, rom isini CvenSi Sesabamis grZnobebs gaaRviZeben.

wminda mogzaurobis dawyebis win Semdegi vedrebis wakiTxvaa rekomendirebuli: „RmerTo! mxolod Sen gevedrebi daxmarebas da mxolod Sen mogendobi. RmerTo, es saqme da mgzavroba gamiiole. miboZe imaze meti wyaloba, vidre gevedrebi. damifare yovelgvari borotebisgan. RmerTo mommadle sulieri sixalvaTe da saqmeebi gamiadvile“. tavafis dros ki, yoveli wris dasawyisSi Semdgei vedrebaa kargi: „RmerTo, yoveli naklovanebisgan Sors xar. yvelanairi qeba-dideba allahisTvisaa. ar arsebobs RmerTi garda allahisa. is udiadesia. Zlevamosileba mxolod da mxolod RmerTis xelSia. RmerTo, Seni mwams, Seni wignis mwams, SenTvis mocemuli sityvis erTguli vrCebi da Suamavlis sunaze miyolis gziT tavafs vasruleb“.

qaabas Sesasvlelis win an karebis gaswvriv rom mivaRwevT Semdegi vedreba aRvavlinoT. „ RmerTo, es Seni saxlia. haremi, Seni nakrZalia. usafrTxoeba, Seni dadgenili usafrTxoebaa. es aris adgili maTTvis, vinc jojoxeTis cecxlisgan Sen mogekedleba“. zemzemis wyaros dalevisas sasurvelia Semdegi vedrebis wakitxva: „RmerTo, gTxov sasargeblo codna da mravali sarCo miwyalobe da yovelgvari dardisa da avadmyofobisgan gadamarCine“.

es locvebi mxolod ramodenime maTgania maT Soris, romlebic tavafis dros, arafatze, safasa da merveze, muzdelifSi, minaSi, medinaSi da gzebze unda wavikiTxoT. maTi kiTxvisas Tu swori droisa da adgilis Tanxvedras gaviTvaliswinebT ufro met mniSnelobas SeiZenen. am dros gulebi rbildeba, sulieri samyaro ixsneba, cremli iwyebs dinebas da bolos codvebic mogveteveba. haji, es aris RvTismsaxureba, romlis drosac am wminda adgilebSi monanieba, vedreba, wyaloba, miteveba, cxoneba da cremli erTad iyris Tavs. Suamavali maT Sesaxeb, vinc wesisamebr Seasrulebda hajs, brZanebda: „vinc RvTis gulisaTvis moilocavs da cudi sityvisa da qcevisgan (RmerTis kmayofilebasTan Seusabamo) Tavs Seikavebs, (garda sxvaTa uflebebis darRvevisa) yvela codva mieteveba da hajidan rogorc axalSobili, ise dabrundeba“.

garda amisa, Suamavali brZanebda: „RvTis gzeze miRebuli hajis jildo samoTxea.“ (muslim, haj 437, 1, 983)

hajis dasasruli da dabruneba

gansakuTrebiT samwuxaroa hajis dasasruls miaxloebuli dReebi. momlocveli ukve SeCveulia am wminda adgilebs. mesjidi haramis, qaabas, tavafisa da mesjidi nebevisgan ganSoreba arc ise iolia. am dros adamians ukan dabrunebis gambedaobas isev cremli da vedreba sZens. da ra Tqma unda aris iedic... xelaxla dabrunebisa da am adgilebis xelaxla xilvis survili.ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom yvela dasawyisis, yvela mogzaurobis dasasruli arsebobs. bunebrivia am wminda mogzaurobasac aqvs Tavis dasasruli. yvelaze didi nugeSi aq naxuli, gancdili da mopovebuli madlia. aq mopovebuli ram, iqneb cxovrebaS yvelaze faseuli ramaa.

gamomdinare aqedan, am Zvirfasi movaleobis SesrulebiT miRebuli kmayofilebis gancdisas ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom am Rirebulebebs mofrTxileba da dacva unda. Sesabamisad ar unda dagvaviwydes pasuxismgeblobac. dauSvebelia morwmunem Tqvas, me Cemi movaleoba ukve movixadeo da aRaraferi gaakeTos. morwmunem Sroma da momsaxureba ar unda Sewyvitos. ufro metic, haji misi cxovrebis axali welTaRricxvis sawyisi unda gaxdes. aseve sasurvelia iseT saqmianobas mianiWos upiratesoba, rac sazogadebas warmatebas, sargebels da socialur Tu kulturul winsvlas Seuwyobs xels. hajad wodebuli adamiani sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi mSvidobis, keTildReobisa da usafrTxoebis damkvidrebisTvis unda iRwvodes. mis sanaxavad mosul naTesavebs, megobrebsa Tu axloblebs hajis Sesaxes dauzareblad unda mouyves da STabeWdilebebi lamazi formiT gauziaros. ra bednieria yvela is momlocveli, romelTa rwmena, guli da fiqri ukeTesi xdeba, vidre hajad wasvlamde iyo. ra bednierni arian isini, vinc hajis sulieri aRzrdis wrTvna da iqauri atmosferodan Tavisi wili miiRo.

gadarCenis mizezi

prof. doq. ramazan alTinTaS

RmerTis Rwmenas rom mivaRwioT ra Tqma unda RmerTis nebaa saWiro. Tumca RvTiuri neba, rogorc Zaldataneba, ise ar unda warmovidginoT. am mxriv adamianis mcdeloba da momdomeba didi mniSvnelobis matarebelia. adamians boZebuli aqvs Tavisufali neba, romlis saSualebiTac SeuZlia irwmunos an uaryos. Tumca, bunebrivia es procesi RmerTis nebis farglebs gareT ver ganxorcieldeba, magram RvTiuri sibrZne adamianis Tavisufal nebas ki ar xelyofs, aramed xels Seuwyobs da ganxorcielebas uzrunvelyofs. tradiciuli islamuri gagebiT adamiani rames moisurvebs, moiwadinebs da RmerTi mas gaaCens. asea swor gzaze dadgomis saqmec. adamiani moisurvebs da RmerTi swor gzaze daayenebs, radgan is swor gzaze damdgenia. RmerTma adamians ramodenime gza da saSualeba aCvena, raTa adamians swor gzaze dadgoma moexerxebina. am mxriv upirvelesi yurania, Semdeg Suamavlebi, swavlulebi da sxva da am yvelaferTan erTad qaabac erT-erTi im saSualebaTagania, romelic adamians gadarCenasa da swor gzaze dadgomaSi daexmareba.qaaba aris RmerTis erTobisa da sidiadis erTgvari niSani da is amavdroulad WeSmariti RvTismsaxurebisTvis dedamiwaze agebuli pirveli salocavia.

1 yuranis mixedviT qaabas sulieri faseuloba da miziduloba ganpirobebulia ramodenime mizeziT da maTgan erT-erTi maides suras 97-e aiaTSia nabrZanebi: „adamianTa arsebobisTvis daadgina“) aseve yuranSi nabrZanebia rom yovel adamians Tu xalxs gaaCnia mimarTuleba, saiTac miiswrafvis. qaaba aris muslimebis locvis mimarTuleba, saiTac isini miiswrafvian rogorc fuzukurad, ise sulieradac. qaabas gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT RmerTis saxls uwodeben da is amavdroulad is aris wminda adgili, romelic mTeli msoflios muslimebisaTvis udidesi mniSvnelobis mqonea. is wminda adgilia, rogorc fizikuri TvalsazrisiT, ise sulieradac. yuranSi nabrZanebia: „maTi msxverplad Sewirvis adgilia upirvelesi saxli!“ (haj 33)

meores mxriv qaaba aris adgili, sadac Cadian hajisa da umres Sesrulebis msurvelebi da mravali pirovnuli Tu socialuri sargebelis miRebas axerxeben. amdenad is aris baraqisa da aseve sulieri gadarCenis wyaro. es yvelaferi nabrZanebia ali imranis suras 96-e aiaTSi: „ueWvelad, samyarosadmi baraqad da WeSmarit gzaze dasadgineblad upirvelesi saxli (samlocvelo) swored, rom beqaSi (meqaSi), iqna aRmarTuli xalxTaTvis.

qaaba islamamde da islamis Semdegac yovelTvis inarCunebda da inarCunebs ekonomikuri da sulieri centris adgils. sakiTxis am TvalsazrisiT ganxilvisas cxadi xdeba, rom qaabas es Tviseba, misi baraqianoba marTlac daculia da Sesabamisad sulieri simdidris gverdiT materialuri dovlaTis momtan adgiladac SegviZlia miviCnioT. aseTi xalxmravali adgilidan sargebels Souloben rogorc muslimebi, ise aramuslimebic. aq xdeba import-eqsportis didi brunva.

aseve ali imranis suras 97-e aiaTSi nabrZanebia, rom qaaba aSenebulia „WeSmarit gzaze dasadgineblad“. Sesabamisad, es aris adgili romelic mTeli islamuri samyaros locvis mimarTulebas warmoadgens da am gagebiT is RmerTTan misayvan adgilad iTvleba. qaaba samyarosTvis gadarCenis mimarTulebaa. amis Semdegi dasturi isaa, rom yvelaze usafrTxo TavSesafaria. swor gzaze dgomisa da sulierebis amaRlebisaTvis usafrTxoeba mniSvnelovani faqtoria. iq Casuli morwmune qaabas saSualebiT did cvlilebebs ganicdis. es cvlilebebi momlocvelTa yoveldRiur cxovrebaze moqmedebs da Sesabamisad dedamiwis yvela kuTxeSi da yvela sferoSi vrceldeba.

rogorc mogaxseneT, islamis mixedviT hajisa da umres Sesasruleblad momlocvelebi meqaSi Cadian. msoflios yvela kuTxidan mosuli momlocvelebis es uzarmazari Tavyriloba islamis universaluri Zmobis gamofenaa da meqa saamisod saukeTeso platformas warmoadgens. amrigad, aq Camosuli momlocvelebis gulsa da gonebaSi Casaxldeba islamis universaluri mcnebebi da azrs dakargavs umecrebis xanis gadmonaSTi wesebi, crurwmenebi, klasobrivi Tu rasobrivi gansxvavebuloba, eTnikuri da gvarovnuli privilegiebi da sxva. am warmavali, materialuri upiratesobebis magivrad yvela morwmunes swams, rom upiratesoba mxolod da mxolod RvTismoSiSobaSia. cnobili amerikeli mwerali malkolm iqsi, romelic cxovrebis raRac periodSi Savkanianobis gamo Cagvras ganicdida da amis gamo TeTrkanianebze Zalian gabrazebuli iyo, Tavisive saxelobis wignSi wers:

„hajze wasvlam Cemi msoflmxedveloba sakmaod gaafarTova. am mogzaurobam Cems sulSi islamis axleburi gageba aRmoacena. am wminda miwaze gatarebulma orma kviram ufro meti ram manaxa, vidre amerikaSi gatarebulma 39-ma welma. me aq gavicani yvela xalxi TavianTi kanis feriT. me aq davinaxe, rogoria sruli Tanasworoba da Zmoba. me aq gavige, rom arc TeTrkanianebis erTi xelis mosmiT waSla da erTmairad miCnevaa swori damokidebuleba. hajis es sulireba, es mravalferovneba rom mTel msoflioSi sakmarisad gavrceldes, islamis mimdevarTa raodenoba orjer da samjer gaizrdeba.“

rogorc vxedavT, amerikeli muslimis es damokidebulba cxadad aCvenebs, rom qaaba swori gzis povnis unikaluri saSualebaa.

Sedegad Cans, rom qaaba namdvili Tavisuflebis simboloa. am TvalsazrisiT mis am mniSvnelovan mxaresTan erTad, isic cxadia, rom qaaba adamianisTvis adamianobis gamoxatulebis saukeTeso adgilia. qaaba da mis irgvliv arsebuli teritoria maT ukan TavianT mniSvnelobas saukeTesod warmoaCens. adamiani swored iq yofnisas gaacnobierebs RmerTis sidiades da aseve gaiTavisebs rwmenis siZlieresa da namdvili Tavisuflebis fass. amrigad kidev erTxel unda davfiqrdeT qaabas da mesjidi haramis am mniSvnelovan funqciaze, rac mdgomareobs imaSi,, rom is mTeli islamuri samyaros gulia. dedamiwaze SimSilis, ubedurebisa da kacismkvleli omebis epoqaSi mxolod qaabas es uxmauro damoZRvra da gzis Cveneba moitans realur mSvidobas. Cven, yvela muslimi locvis dros qaabas mimarTulebiT vdgebiT da es dgoma mxolod fizikuri dgomiT ar unda Semoifarglos. saWiroa mTeli Cveni arsebiTa da msoflmxedvelobiT davdgeT qaabas mimarTulebiT. swored am dros qaaba gaxdeba realuri gzis maCvenebeli mTeli kacobriobisTvis.

hajis sulieri mxare

esma sain

RvTismsaxureba Tavisi arsisa da miznis mixedviT msaxuris mier gamCenis sidiadis winaSe Tavisi umweobis warmoCenasa da dadasturebas gamoxatavs. es aris gamoxatuleba am ukidegano samyaroSi adamianis adgilisa da damokidebulebisa. adamianis es sulieri mdgomareoba gamCenTan pirdapiri komunikaciaa da is adamianis bednierebas, sakuTari Tavis Secnobas, sazogadoebasTan Tanacxovrebis swavlas da saboloo jamSi sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi keTildReobisa da mSvidobis uzrunvelyofas emsaxureba.

haji erT-erTi mniSnelovani RvTismsaxurebaa da islamis ZiriTadi xuTi safuZvlidan erT-erTs warmoadgens. haji, rogorc RvTismsaxureba hiriT mecxre wels gaxda savaldebulo. hajis, rogorc RvTismsaxurebis valdebuleba dadasturebulia wminda yuraniTa da sunas moZRvrebiT. yuranSi, kerZod ali imranis suras 97-e aiaTSi nabrZanebia Semdegi: „iqaa cxadi saswaulebi , sadgomi ibrahimis. da iq vinc Seva, daculia . allahi avaldebulebs adamians, visac Zala Seswevs, gaemgzavros da moinaxulos es saxli. da vinc uaryo , ueWvelad, allahi mdidaria samyaroebsa zeda.

Suamavalic hajis mniSvnelobas ganmartavda da hajis Sesrulebisas saWiro ritualebs Tavad aCvenebda mimdevrebs.

hajis, rogorc RvTismsaxurebis Ziritadi elementebi da misi sulieri mniSvneloba Semdegnairad SeiZleba CamovayaliboT: ihramS Sesvla gankitxvis dris simboloa, roca momlocveli mTeli Tavisi arsebiT qeds idreks RvTis winaSe da amqveyniur yovelgvars siames Sordeba. es aris adamianis gaCenis sawyisTan dabrunebis gamoxatuleba.

TeTri ihramiT Semosva sudaris simboloa. es aris niSani sikvdilamde sikvdilisa. TeTr sudaraSi Cacmuli momlocvelebis zRva erTis mxriv Tanasworobis gamoxatuleba, xolo meores mxriv gankiTxvis dRis imitaciaa. TiTqos adamiani iseTive sufTa da ganwmendili warsdgeba RmerTis winaSe, rogoric Tavidan dedamiwas moevlina.

ihrami amqveyniuri damokidebulebebisgan Tavis daRwevis simboloa. ihramSi yofnisas yvela is sityva da qmedeba akrZalulia, romlebic sazogadoebriv simSvides da erTanobas safrTxes uqmnis. aseve akrZalulia yvela is qmedeba, rac amqveyniur survilebsa da gamorCenas aRviZebs.

arafatze dgoma gankiTxvis dRes erTad Sekrebili da gankiTxvis molodinSi myofi adamianebis simboloa. es procesi adamianebs gankiTxvis dResa da RmerTis winaSe wardgomis moments axsenebs. hajze misuli momlocvelebis mizani RmerTTan daaxloebaa.

arafatze dgomiT momlocveli Tavisi gaCenis arss Caswvdeba da gankiTxvis process warmoidgens. asea, roca adamiani namazis locvisas fexze dgas da adasturebs, rom gankiTxvis dRis meufe mxolod da mxolod diadi gamcenia. mevlanas gadmocemiT namazze mdgomi mlocvelebi ase mwkrivebad mdgar, gankiTxvis momlodine sulebs warmoadgens. im dRes yovel adamians hkiTxaven, Tu sad daxarja sicocxle, misi namoqmedari ra aris, rogor icxovra...

fexze mdgomi mlocveli TiTqos am SekiTxvebis simZimes ver uZlebs da qeds ixris, mere Zirs emxoba da sejdes asrulebs. adamiani dReSi xuTjer ganicdis gankiTxvis simZimes da arafatzec am sulier zeamaRlebas grZnobs.

amis Semdeg Telbies procesi iwyeba, romlis drosac momlocvelebi gamCenis sidiadesa da yovladZlierebas locvebiT warmoTqvamen, qaabasTan midian da mravalgzis tavafiT Tayvaniscemas gamoxataven.

Telbies dros momlocveli vedrebas aRavlens. RmerTo, mixme da mTeli Cemi arsebiT geaxeli. Seni brZaneba uzenaesia. movedi Sens winaSe sworupovaro. dideba Senda. Sen ar gagaCnia toli da swori.

juneidi baRdadi Tavis moswavles ase moZRvravda: „Telbies dros Tu gamCenisgan Seni vedrebis pasuxi ver miiRe, Telbie ar Segisrulebia.“

tavafi samyarosa da sicocxlis arss, RvTisadmi srul mindobasa da Tayvaniscemis simboloa. es aris erTi RmerTis rwmenis dadastureba da RvTisadmi Tayvaniscemis gamoxatuleba.

zogierTi didi swavluli hajad yofnas Semdegnairad aRwers: „rodesac pirvelad wavedi hajze qaaba davinaxe, xolo qaabas patroni -vera. rodesac meored wavedi hajze davinaxe rogorc qaaba, ise misi patronic, xolo mesamed roca wavedi mxolod qaabas patroni davinaxe“. yvela RvTismsaxurebis da aseve hajis mizani diadi RmerTis nebis, kmayofilebisa da sidiadis danaxvaa.

rogorc planetebi trialeben mzis garSemo da amiT RvTisadmi Tayvaniscemas gamoxataven, asea tavafis drosac, rodesac momlocvelebi qaabas irgvliv trialeben. momlocveli am dros mTel samyarosTan erTad RvTisadmi Tayvaniscemis procesSia CarTuli.

juneidi baRdadi Tavis mowafes arigebda, rom Tu msxverplis Sewirvisas ar ifiqrebda, rom amiT sakuTar survilebsa da cdunebebs klavda, ise msxverpli ar iyo Sewiruli. Sesabamisad hajobis dros msxverplis Sewirva sakuTari egoizmisa da ampartavnebis Sewirvad unda gvesmodes da amrigad am ritualis sulieri faseulobebisgan maqsimalurad unda visargebloT.

amrigad hajis dros msxverplis Sewirvis dros sakuTar cdunebebs da codvebisken midrekilebebs vklavT.

mevlana ambobda, rom adamiani, romelic namazs iwyebs fraziT „allahu eqber“, es niSnavs: „RmerTo, Cven Sewirulni varT Sendami“. msxverplis Sewirvisasac „allahu eqber“ -unda warmovTqvaT.

haji da namazi ori yvelaze efeqturi iaraRia adamianis cdunebebis winaaRmdeg. am dros adamianis survilebsa da cdunebebs uzenaesi RmerTis winaSe msxverplad vwiravT.

hajobis dros eSmakis Caqolvis ritualic adamianis bunebaSi arsebuli codvisken midrekilebebisa da cdunebebis winaaRmdeg brZolis simboloa. amiT adamiani simbolurad cdilobs sakuTari neba win wamoswios da eSmakis zegavlenebisgan Tavi daicvas. yoveli qvis srolisas adamiani sakuTar TavSi arsebul uaryofiT midrekilebebsa da survilebs ebrZvis da cdilobs daTrgunos.

juneidi baRdadi am ritualis Sesaxeb Tavis moswavles ase moZRvravda: „qvebis srolisas Tu sakuTari cdunebebis Caqolva ver igrZeni, eSmakis Caqolva ar Segisrulebia“.

wminda adgilebis molocva yoveli adamianisTvis mniSvnelovania im TvalsazrisiT, rom adamiani am dros rwmenis sawyisebTan kavSirs ganaaxlebs. yoveli muslimisTvis meqas molocva gansakuTebuli movlenaa, radgan is SeZlebs Tvalwin gaacocxlos Suamavlisa da misi megobrebis brZola islamis gavrcelebisTvis. es nostalgiuri rwmena momlocvels ufro mZafr dinamikas uviTarebs da gansakuTrebuli mgrZnobelobiT aRavsebs.

dihlevis mixedviT adamianis sulierebis ganwmendis erT-erTi gza did morwmuneTa mimarT pativiscema da wminda adgilebis molocvaa. aseT adgilebSi yofnisas adamians gansakuTrebuli sulieri mdgomareoba eqmneba.

magaliTad, Suamaval ibrahimis samyofelSi yofnisas, morwmune grZnobs Suamavlis gamorCeul Tvisebebs: RvTisadmi absolutur mindobas, RvTismorCilebsa da maRal zneobas.

ibrahimi iyo Suamavali, romelic momavali TaobebisTvis loculobda da RmerTs evedreboda: „RmerTo Cveno! da moavline maTSi Suamavali maTive wiaRidan, romelic waukiTxavs maT Sens aiaTebs, aswavlis maT wigns da sibrZnes, ganwmends maT. ueWvelad, Sena xar Zlevamosili, brZeni! (bayara 129)

hajis dros erT-erTi rituali „sai“-a. es aris simbolo RvTis wyalobisTvis garjisa, rodesac morwmune misTvis sasiamovno Cvevebze uars ambobs, siamovnebas Tmobs da amas garkveul sazRvrebs Soris sirbiliT gamoxatavs. sai socoxlis simboloa, Ziebis, mcdelobis, miswrafebisa da garjis.

rodesac momlocveli safasa da merves gorakebs Soris darbis, is am dros mavne midrekilebebs gaurbis, romlebic RmerTs aSoreben.

safasa da merves gorakebs Soris sirbili RmerTis garda yvela da yvelafrisgan gaqcevas gamoxatavs. sai aris mcdeloba, garja saimisod, rom RmerTis kmayofilebas mivaRwioT.

hajze myofi momlocvelisTvis sais ritualis Sesruleba sulieri WuWyisgan ganTavisuflebis simboloa. es aris cdunebebisgan, codvebisgan gaqcevis gamoxatva.

RmerTis rCeuli adamianebi TavianT gulebSi arsebul Surs, boRmas, siZulvils, mrisxanebas, vnebas, ampartavnebas da sxva msgavs negatiur grZnobebs gandevnian. isini sxvaTa ganawyenebas da gulis tkenas ukiduresad eridebian. gamomdinare aqedan, qaabas molocvis mizani zneobrivi ganwmenda, sakuTari sulierebis ganmtkiceba, sulierad aRzrda da cdunebebisgan gaTavisuflebaa, ris Sedegadac RvTisadmi siaxloves vigrZnobT. RmerTi aseTi adamianis gulSia.

da bolos, haji sakmaod xangrZlivi mgzavroba da rTulad Sesasrulebeli RvTismsaxurebaa. gamomdinare aqedan misi Sesruleba did mondomebas moiTxovs. Sesabmisad misi SesrulebiT morwmunes yvela codva mieteveba, garda sxva adamianebis uflebebis daRvevisa da iseTive ganwmendili dabrundeba, rogorc axalSobili.

vedreba, vedreba... haji

abdurrahman aqbaS

haji -RmerTisken da mis mierve motanili miznebisken svla...sulierad da xorcielad misken ltolva... diadi RmerTis stumrad yofna... im momlocvelTa Tanamgzavroba, romelTa vedrebac miiReba... sulierebis usazRvro wyalobisgan sakuTari wilis miRebaa.

es aris momenti, rodesac mona Tavisi gamCenisken miiltvis da mis winaSe wasdgeba. es aris erT-erTi yvelaze lamazi saSualeba imisa, rom msaxurma Tavisi gamCenis winaSe warsdges da misi usazRvro wyalobiTa da mimteveblobiT isargeblos. es mogzauroba vedrebiTa da mudariTaa savse.

hajis dros mosaloci yoveli adgili iseTi TvisebiTaa dajildovebuli, sadac momlocvelTa monanieba Seiwynareba. yvelaferi, rac msaxurs surs diadi RmerTisgan, aq evedreba da zeapyrobili xelebi uapsuxod ar rCeba.

am mogzaurobis dasawyisSive msaxuri srulad miekedleba gamCens, raTa hajis rigianad Sesruleba SeZlos. momlocvelma yvela da yvelaferi Tavis WeSmarit mflobels unda miabaros da am udidesi ndobisa da TavSesafaris pirobebSi hajisTvis mogzauroba daiwyos.

upirveles yovlisa morwmune diadi RmerTis saxels axsenebs da transportSi jdeba. momlocveli RmerT evedreba gauadvilos mgzavroba da gzaze mosalodneli SesaZlo dabrkolebebisgan daicvas da amasTanave daifaros misi ojaxi. morwmunes surs mTeli gzis ganmavlobaSi sikeTiTa da saTnoebiT moqmedebdes da asrulebdes RvTismsaxurebas.

ihramSi Sesvlisas momlocveli sistematiurad imeorebs Sesabamis locvebs da dacul teritoriaze ise gadaadgildeba. momlocvels surs, rom rac SeiZleba male moinanios codvebi da Tavi daaRwios eSmakiseul xafangebs.

tavafis dawyebamde momlocvelebi adastureben, rom isini micemuli pirobis erTgulni rCebian da vedrebaSi gamoxataven RmerTis sidiadesa da Zlevamosilebas.

tavafi RvTisadmi absoluturi mikedlebiT iwyeba. aramarto sakuTari Tavis, aramed momavali Taobebis sikeTisaTvis diad RmerTs mivekedlebiT. vedreba da monanieba, codnis SeZena, sulieri sixalvaTe da yovelgvari saTnoebisken swrafva momlocvelis Tanmdevi survilia.

hajis dros momlocvelis survilia gaTavisufldes yovelgvari eWvebis, urwmunoebis, TvalTmaqcobis, usamarTlobisa da znedacemulobisagan da RmerTs evedreba, rom muslimad gardacvalebisa da samoTxeSi damkvidrebis wyaloba mohmadlos.

tavafis Semdeg vedreba iwyeba da Semdeg namazi sruldeba. momlocveli RmerTs moTminebas evedreba da aseve sTxovs, rom mCagvrelTa da urwmunoTa zewolisgan gadaarCinos yvela muslimi. amis Semdeg sai sruldeba da isev da isev vedrebiT grZeldeba.

bolos arafatze midian, sadac vedrebis gvirgvinia. vedrebis gulwrfeloba aq ukiduresad matulobs. aq vedreba cremlebiTaa gajerebuli.

es dRe mitevebis dRea, magram morwmunis pasuxismgebloba imatebs da RvTisadmi micemuli piroba ganaxldeba. Semdeg minaSi, eSmakis Caqolvis rituali sruldeba. es aris yovelgvari mavneblobisa da codvebisken midrekilebebis gandevnis gamoxatuleba. msxverplSewirva ki imis dasturia, rom RvTis siyvaruli yvela sxva siyvarulze diadia.

vedreba saxlSi dabrunebamde grZeldeba. am wminda adgilebSi aRvlenili vedrebis Sedegad momlocvelebs imedi aqvT, rom Suamavlis mier gadmocemuli sasixarulo dapireba Sesruldeba: „vinc RvTis gulisaTvis hajs Seasrulebs da cudi sityvisa da saqmisgan Tavs Seikavebs, saxlSi iseTve ganwmendili dabrundeba, rogorc axalSobili“.

RmerTo, am Zvirfas dros aRvlenili da aRsavleni yoveli vedreba miiRe da mTel dedamiwaze mSvidoba da keTildReoba daamkvidre.

hajis sxva ganzomileba
da winaparTa sikeTe

doq. omer ilmaz

haji, rogorc RvTismsaxureba islamis xuTi safuZvlidan erT-erTia da is konkretul drosa da adgilas sruldeba. morwmuneni valdebulni arian SesaZleblobis mixedviT cxovrebis manZilze erTxel mainc Seasrulon haji. rogorc yvela RvTismsaxurebas, hajsac gaaCnia Tavisi debulebebi da wesebi, rogoricaa farzi, vajibi, sunneTi da a.S. sxva RvTismsaxurebisgan gansxvavebiT hajs gaaCnia meti simboluri ritualebi da ufro siRrmiseul dakvirvebas saWiroebs. hajis Sesrulebisas saWiro yvela ritualis da pirobis Sesrulebisas aucilebelia mis sulsa da arss CavwvdeT. Sesabamisad hajisgan meti sargebeli rom vnaxoT yoveli ritualis siRmeebSi unda CavwvdeT.

„is aris maspinZeli (qaaba, RmerTis saxli) da Cven misi stumrebi varT (duiufurrahman)

yuranSi haji 55 adgilzea naxsenebi. hajis suras 27 aiaTSi miTiTebulia, rom qaabas molocvisken Suamavali ibrahimi mogviwodebs.

hajze wasasvlelad SesaZleblobisa da saSualebis qona did wyalobad miiCneva. Suamavali hajad mimaval momlocvelebs RmerTTan mimaval elCebs adarebda.

haji mTeli suliTa da guliT unda Sesruldes. hajis moyola, an aRwera SeuZlebelia, is Tavad unda gamoscado da igrZno. hiras mTaze yuranis zemovlineba, sevras gamoqvabulidan hijris dawyeba, arafatze gamosamSvidobebeli qadagebis dedaazri, qubaSi SuamavalTan Sexvedris mrelvareba xelaxla unda vigrZnoT.

haji materialuri samyarodan metafizikur samyaroSi mogzauroba unda iyos. amitomaa, rom am wminda adgilebSi myofi momlocveli amqveyniur sityvasa da saqmes nakleb dros unda uTmobdes da ZiriTadad RmerTze, samyaroze fiqriT unda iyos dakavebuli. Tu ki momlocveli ase moiqceva usasrulobidan momdinare xmas gaigonebs da igrZnobs.

hajze myofi momlocvelis ZiriTadi mizani ara saxlis, aramed saxlis patronis danaxvaa. am sferoSi gansawavluli xalxi ambobda, rom pirvel jerze maT SeZlevs saxlis danaxva, meore jerze maT dainaxes saxlic da misi patronic, xolo mesame jerze maT mxolod saxlis patronis danaxva SeZles.

haji, rogorc xSirad amboben, es aris erT-erTi am mxriv gamorCeuli RvTismsaxureba, romlis drosac RmerTsa da adamians Soris pirdapiri kavSiria. rodesac misi saxlis irgvliv tavafs asruleb, yvelaze gulwrfeli sityvebiT evedrebi da yvela Cadenil codvas mis winaSe aRiareb. aq naloci erTi muxli namazi sxvagan naloc aTas muxl namazze metia (buhari, salaTu fi mesjidi meqqe 1). aq locvisas adamiani gansakuTrebul sulier mdgomareobaSia da fiqrobs, iqneb meored veRarc ki movide am Zvirfas adgilebSio da namazis locvisas RmerTTan pirispir darCenis sitkboebas grZnobs. aq myofi momlocveli eZebs gzebs „am daTvlil dReebSi uTvalavi sargebeli“ rogor naxos.

rogorc Tasavvufis tradiciaSia miTiTebuli, haji aris fizikuri samyarodan aramaterialur samyaroSi mogzauroba. miqaTis sazRvarTan momlocveli tanisamoss icvlis da ihramSi Sedis. is ase dgeba arafatze. ase asrulebs sais safasa da merves Soris. swiravs msxverpls. asrulebs eSmakis Caqolvis rituals da amiT sakuTar cdunebebsa da codvebisken midrekilebebs ebrZvis. is aq eziareba sulis sixalvaTes da samSobloSi brundeba.

Cven viciT, rom hajis dros warmoTqmuli yoveli sityva da Sesrulebuli yoveli qmedeba siRmiseulad mniSvnelovania. ihrami, romelsac momlocveli icvams sruliad sadaa, rac imis simboloa, rom momlocveli realurad arafers flobs. Telbie yovel wams RvTisadmi mindobisa da ukiduresi morCilebis gamoxatavs. „hajerul esved“-ze misalmebiT msaxuri RvTisadmi micemul sityvas ganaaxlebs (araf 172). tavafi da sai sicocxles,moZraobas, dinamikas gamoxatavs. arafati ki adgilia, sadac adamiani sakuTar Tavs poulobs. adamiani sakuTari Tavis Secnobis gziT RmerTs cnobs.

adamianebi mTeli msofliodan, dReSi xuTjer, am adgilisken saxiT dgebian da namazs loculoben. SenTvis ukve es adgili aTasobiT kilometriT daSorebuli aRar aris. is ukve Sens Tvalwinaa. Sen aq Sexvdebi yvela enaze molaparake, yvela kanis ferisa da kulturis adamianebs. aq naxav, rom aravin aravisze upiratesi ar aris da yvelani erT doneze, mwkrivebad mdgari, yovelgvari ierarqiisa da protokolis gareSe, ase Tanaswor mdgomareobaSi RmerTs eTayvanebian. aq aravin aravis saqmeSi ar ereva da arvin aaravis akritikebs Tu vin, ra formiT asrulebs namazs. aq aravin kamaTobs da ar Cxubobs. aravin aravis tkens guls.

islamis swavlulebs Soris iyo azrTa sxvadasxvaoba imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra kavSiria RmerTis saxlsa da adamianis guls Soris. swavlulebi mividnen gadawyvetilebamde, rom adamianis guli upiratesia, radgan is RmerTma gaaCina, xolo qaaba adamianma aaSena. Tasavvufis klasukur literaturaSi vkiTxulobT: „me arc miwaze da arc caSi ar davetevi, me morwmunis gulSi var“ (gazali, ihia, 3, 14).

qaabas irgvliv tavafis Sesrulebisas is marcxena mxares rCeba, esec ki qaabasa da adamianis guls Soris urTierTobis miSania.

momlocvelebi aTasobiT kilometris manZilidan, maravali dabrkolebis miuxedavad aq modian. bunebrivia stumari Tavis sayvarel adgilas stumrobisas xelcarieli ar iqneba. Tmca, ra unda mivutanoT Cven codvilebma, roca mas araferi sWirdeba? an ra fasi eqneba Cvens mitanil saCuqars, viciT? Cven saCuqars ver mivutanT, Cven Cveni codvebi migvaqvs da Sendobas vevedrebiT.

aq yofnisas yvela xvdeba, rom naklovanebiTa da codviT drois gatarebas azri ar aqvs. isev juneidi baRdadis erT-erT monaTxrobs SemogTavazebT: juneidi qaabas mosalocad iyo. rodesac is qaabasTan mivida, dainaxa, rom erTi qali Zirs iwva da fexebi qaabasken hqonda. „me rom aqauri meTvalyure viyo am qals mklavS xels wavavlebdi da aqedan gavagdebdi“- gaifiqra juneidma. cota xnis Semdeg, rodesac is ukve tavafs asrulebda mxarze Sexeba igrZno. miixeda da is qali dainaxa. qali misken miiwia da yurSi uCurCula: „me rom aqaurobis meTvalyure viyo, mkavSi xels mogkidebdi da aqedan gagagdebdi, radgan baRdadidan aq mosulma RvTismsaxureba miatove da sxvaTa naklovanebebis Tvaliereba daiwye“.

RmerTis wignSi weria, rom es aris daculi teritoria. hajis dros dauSvebelia cudi sityva, lanZRva, kamaTi, Cxubi... marTlac da milionobiT adamiani erT sivrceSia Tavmoyrili da arc haremSi daa rc mis gareT kamaTsa da Cxubs ver naxavT. Tu ori kaci Selaparakdeba, mesame maSinve „sellu ala muhammed“ etyvis da Suamavlis xsenebiT maSinve arigebs.

sabolood isev da isev Suamavlis hadiss SegaxsenebT, romlis mixedviTac momlocveli, romelic srulyofilad Seasrulebs hajs, samSobloSi iseTive ganwmendili dabrundeba, rogorc axalSobili. (buhari, muhsar 9-10)

momlocvelma am hadisi sasixarulo gzavnilze unda ifiqros mudam da am axali furclidan dawyebul cxovrebas codvis laqebi aRar daamCnios. gvaxsovdes, rom am miwaze mxolod „mdidrebi“ ki ar midia, aramed isini, vinc iq RmerTma miipatiJa.

wminda wigni gvaswavlis, rom gankiTxvis dRes Cveni qoneba da Svilebi veras gvargeben, CvenTvis iq sufTa gulia mniSvnelovani(Suara 88-89). Sesabamisad, hajad wasuli yoveli momlocveli sufTa gulis mosurne unda iyos da amisTvis yvelaferi gaakeTos.

lebbeiq allahumme lebbeiq

omer meleqCe

„lebbeiq allahumme lebbeiq, lebbeiqe la Seriqe leqe lebbeiq, innel hamde vennimeTe leqe vel mulq. la Seriqe leq“. (muslim, haj 3)

„brZane RmerTo, brZane! Sens mowodebaze mTeli Cemi guliT movedi. Sen ara gyavs toli da swori. brZane RmerTo, brZane! yoveli qeba Sen Segferis. Senia wyaloba da floba yovlisa. Sen ara gyavs toli da swori!“

es sityvebi gamoxatavs pasuxs RmerTis brZanebaze, romelmac Suamaval ibrahims qaabas ageba da adamianebis iq mipatiJeba ubrZana da amavdroulad es aris diadi RmerTis winaSe uzomo mindobisa da erTgulebis dadastureba.

Suamavalma ibrahimma, RvTis brZanebiT qaaba aago da mas Tavisi Svili, ismailic exmareboda. qaabas mSeneblobis dasrulebis Semdeg RmerTma ibrahims ubrZana, qaabaSi sisufTave daecva, raTa iq momlocvelebs locva da Tayvaniscema SesZlebodaT.

„auwye xalxs hajis Sesaxeb da movlen isini SenTan fexiT da Cqarmavali aqlemebiT qveynis Soreuli mxareebidanac! (haj 27)

varaudis Tanaxmad Suamavali ibrahimi cota xniT Seyoymanebula, radgan daeWvda am ukacriel udabnoSi, sadac araferi xarobs vin movao. meqas teritoriaze mxolod qvebi da kldeebi iyo, aravin saxlobda da gamvlelic arsaidan gaivlida.

RmerTma ubrZana ibrahims mxolod Sexmianeboda xalxs da ibrahimmac mTeli kacobrioba qaabas mosalocad miipatiJa.

haji siyvarulia, nostalgiaa im droisa, im adgilebisa, sadac RvTis Suamavals da mis megobrebs ucxovriaT.

yovel wels, am siyvarulis matarebeli aTasobiT, asi aTasobiT adamiani, rogorc niaRvari ise miedineba meqasken. msoflios yvela kuTxidan mosuli momlocvelebi erTxmad aRavlenen locva-vedrebas da maT am grgvinvas ca da dedamiwa uerTdeba: „lebbeiq!“

gvibrZane RmerTo. Sen gvixme da geaxeliT. Seni mowodebis Sesabamisad mTeli Cveni suliTa da guliT movdivarT. gvibrZane RmerTo! Sen ara gyavs toli da swori. qeba dideba Sen SegSvenis. Sen xar erTaderTi, romelsac ar hyavs toli da swori. gvibrZane RmerTo!

sanetarosTan

Seref goquS

rac waxvedi gulSi raRacis dakargvas vgrZnob. aRuwerel tkivils ganvicdi. veZeb, irgvlivmyofebs vekiTxebi, magram ver vpoulob dakargul grZnobebs. uecrad yvela suraTi qreba, irgvliv yvelaferi Savdeba da me isev uxmod, martosuli var. vzivar fanjarasTan da mTebs gavyureb. vakvirdebi adamianTa gauzrebel moZraobas. uecrad kiTxvebi wamotivtivda: vin var me, ra var? ratom var am qveynad? ra unda gavakeTo, rom RmerTis kargi msaxuri viyo? rogoria RmerTi da ra surs mas adamianebisgan? da a.S. am kiTxvebze pasuxebis Ziebisas maSinve Suamavlebi gvaxsendeba. adami, noe, ibrahimi, iusufi, ieso da muhammedi. gulSi warmoqmnili tkivilebi maSinve qreba da vmSviddebi. iseTi simSvide meufleba, rom misi aRwera SeuZlebelia. mTeli xmiT minda viyviro da mTel samyaros gavagebino, rasac vgrZnob da ra WeSmaritebasac Cavwvdi. Semdeg sircxvilis grZnoba meufleba Cemi da Tanamorwmune Zmebis saxeliT. Cveni es mixvedra, es Cawvdoma droebiTi rom aris amis gamo Semrcxva. rogor davSorebulvarT Sengan, Suamavalo. rogor davSorebulvarT im Rirebulebebs, ramac Cven Cvenad gvaqcia. Cven ise ar vebrZviT borotebas, rogorc amas Sen akeTebdi 610 wlidan gardacvalebamde. modi Suamavalo da Cveni gulebi Seni naTeliT isev aavse. isev Cagvkide xeli da am Rrma Zilisgan gamogvafxizle. ra iqneba, dagvexmaro isev. Sen, romelmac Sens irgvliv myof adamianebze daxmareba movaleobad aqcie. am gzaze arafers iSurebdi. adamianebi WeSmarit gzaze daayene da urwmunoebis Waobidan ixseni. rogorc ki Senze dakisrebuli es wminda movaleoba Seasrule, isev gamCenTan dabrundi.

gardacvalebamde ki anderZad dagvitove Zvirfasi rCeva, rom unda mivyveT wminda wigns, yuransa da Sens sunas. samwuxarod ver vupatroneT Sens anderZs. yvelas saxlSi gvaqvs Senaxuli civ oTaxebSi da vera da ver gadavitaneT gulebSi.

modi Suamavalo. modi da naxe Cveni mdgomareoba. modi da gamogvaRviZe am Rrma Zilisgan. gvaCvene gza naTeli; Cagvkide xeli da erTad viaroT. xelaxla agvixseni is lamazi rwmena. kidev erTxel Segvayvare Tavi. iseTi siyvaruli Cagvinerge, rom Cveni gulebidan saerTod gaqres Suri, boRma da ampartavneba. modi, raTa xelaxla fexze dagvayeno da gons mogviyvano. modi, raTa msoflios muslimebma amqveyniur gamorcenas ar gadayvnen da erTimeore ar gayidon. modi Zvirfaso, modi da naxe Cveni mdgomareoba.

vici, rom Sen axalgazrdebi Zalian giyvarda. maT, rogorc momavalis arqiteqtorebs, ise uyurebdi. maT Sens gulSi gansakuTrebuli adgili ekavaT. maTze gansakuTrebiT zrunavdi. yovelTvis cdilobdi islamis zneobrivi gamoxatuleba, rac Sens cxovrebaSi aisaxeboda, maTTvis Segeswavlebina. mxolod erTi ram gindoda am axalgazrdebisgan. maT Taobidan Taobaze unda gadaecaT is, rac maT aswavle. maTgan zogma es yvelaferi saukeTesod Seasrula, magram dRes ra xdeba? sad arian is axalgazrdebi, is swavleba, is zneoba, is zrdiloba?...

Suamavalo, sityvas gaZlevT xelaxla SevisisxlxorcebT Sens mier motanil wminda wigns da Sens sunas SevasrulebT. gankiTxvis dRes naxav, rom es sityva SevasruleT. mTeli kacobrioba erTi RmerTis rwmenis qveS gaerTiandeba. Cven Seni gziT vivliT yovelTvis. roca ukve gipoveT, aRarasdodes dagkargavT.

RmerTia mowme, Cen Zalian gviyvarxar, Suamavalo! Senc Segviyvare. ise Segviyvare, rom am siyvarulSi daferflilebma gamCenTan mivaRwioT.

misi siyvaruli

bahaTTin akbaS

Suamavlis mimarT gamoxatuli didi siyvaruli morwmuneTa gulebSi saTnoebisa da siwmindis gancdas inarCunebs. medinas gaxsenebaze ki morwmuneTa gulebi usazRvro monatrebiT ivseba. vinc mosalocad ver midis wamsvlelebs acileben da sulier mRelvarebas ganicdian.

rac Seexeba wamsvlelebs, isini sul sxva sulier mdgomareobas ganicdian, Relaven, eCqarebaT da erTi suli aqvT, rodis CaaRweven amdeni xnis nalodineb adgilebSi, raTa Tvalcremlianma moilocon is adgilebi, sadac Suamavals ucxovria. yvela adamians surs bednieri iyos, magram bednierebas Tavisi aucilebeli pirobebi gaaCnia

upirveles yovlisa unda aRiniSnos, rom bednerebas sWirdeba morali, zrdiloba, Rirseba, znekeTiloba da sindisi. zogadad bednierebas gareT, Sors eZeben. arada is imdenad axloa, rom bevri adamiani amas ver amCnevs. bedniereba ara gareT, aramed adamianis SigniTaa.

bednierebas bevri winaaRmdegoba xvdeba xolme. sulieri SfoTva, sakuTari survilebis monoba da bedisweraze gawyroma bednierebis xelis SemSleli faqtorebia. Tu adamiani iswavlis gaeqces am dabrkolebebs da cotaTi kmayofilebas mieCveva, is SeZlebs iyos bednieri.

SeiZleba Zalian mdidari iyoT, magram amave dros ar iyoT bednieri. meores mxriv arseboben adamianebi da arc Tu ise cota, romlebsac Tavi Zlivs gaaqvT, magram mainc bednierebi arian. rac mTavaria ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom namdvili simdidre, es sulieri simdidrea. Sesabamisad, adamianis bednierebis centri da misi fuZe sulia. amitomaa, rom bednierebisTvis aucilebelia gulidan amovirecxoT Suri, boRma, brazi, mtroba da sxva msgavsi negatiuri grZnobebi.

Suri yvelaze didi damangreveli grZnobaa. is adamianis karg qcevebs anadgurebs da Suriani adamianebi verasodes xdebian bednierebi. maT ar surT sxvaTa warmateba da zogadad kargad yofna. maTi sulieri simSvidis mopoveba SeuZlebelia.

simarTle, samarTlianoba, znekeTiloba, Semwynarebloba da msgavsi grZnobebi adamianurobis ZiriTadi maCveneblebia. maTi arseboba mniSvnelovania rogorc adamianis, ise mTlianad sazogadoebrivi simSvidisa da keTildReobisaTvis. aseve ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom RvTiT boZebuli sulieri da materialuri sarCosTvis RmerTs madloba SevwiroT da zogadad, adamianebTan urTierTobaSic madlobis gadaxda ar unda dagvaviwydes. RvTisadmi madlierebis gza , mis mier gaCenili adamianebis mimarT madlier damokidebulebaze gadis. bednierebis miRwevisTvis madlierebis grZnoba erT-erTi mTavari faqtoria.

aseve mniSvnelovania, rom bedniereba swor adgilas veZeboT. droebiTi da fuWi raRacaebis floba bedniereba ar aris, radgan visac ase miaCnia da bednierebas aseT fuW raRacaebSi xedavs, umeteswilad bednierebis magivrad ubedurdebian da depresiaS vardebian, radgan fuWi raRacaebi droebiTia da adamians, rogorc wesi isini male ecleba xelidan. aseTi droebiTi da fuWi rameebis CamoTvla Sors wagiyvans. magaliTad fuli, qoneba, saxeli, Tanamdeboba, garegnuli silamaze, popularoba da a.S. yvelam viciT, rom eseni da msgavsi rameebi bednierebisTvis sakmarisi ar aris. qveynad mravali adamiania, visac amaTgan erT an ramodenime gaaCnia, magram maT Soris bednieri cotaa.

im adgilebis monaxuleba, sadac Samavali cxovrobda, adamians gansakuTrebul siamovnebas aniWebs. TiTqos Cvens Tvalwin cocxldeba misi cxovrebiseuli epizodebi. TiTqos misi sityvebi axlac yurSi Cagvesmis da es ufro met survils aRZravs ufro kargad gavugoT mas. gana SeiZleba samyaros wyalobad movlenili Suamavali moinaxulo da grZnobebi ar mogeZalos?! vinc iq Cadis iqaur sulier atmosferos metnaklebad aucileblad SeigrZnobs. bunebrivia SegrZnebis xarisxi damokidebulia pirovnebis rwmenasa da mzaobaze.

Suamavlis saflavis win gavlisas momlocvelebi locvas da salams uZRvnian da amave dros gansakuTrebuli Sinagan simSvides grZnoben. amavdroulad isini gansakuTrebul mRelvarebas grZnoben. zogi aSkarad tiris, zogic Tvalze momdgar cremls ylapavs. isini Seuamavlis monatrebas grZnoben da cdiloben misi dalocviTa da misalmebiT es monatreba Seimsubuqon. am dros iseTi grZnobebiT arian datvirTulni, rom xalxmravlobas, Wyletas, sicxes da sxva Semawuxebel garemoebebs veRarc ki grZnoben. aseTi sulieri atmosferos nawilad yofna muslimebisTvis gansakuTrebuli bednierebis momtania.

mis mimarT arsebuli siyvarulisa da pativiscemis sityvebiT gamoxatva, ra Tqma unda SeuZlebelia. naTqvami xomaa, arsebobs raRacaebi, rasac ver axsni da unda gamoscadoo. swored aseTi ramaa misi monaxuleba. unda gamoscado, rom gaigo.

esoden didi emociebiT datvirTuli momlocvelebi samSobloSi dabrunebisas gansakuTrebul monatrebasa da mRelvarebas grZnoben. hajidan an umredan dabrunebuli momlocvelebis naxva gansakuTrebul emociebs iwvevs xolme.

saboloo jamSi cxadia, rom morwmuneTa gulebSi Suamavlisadmi siyvaruls gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs. es siyvaruli yoveli muslimis cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs da asec unda iyos. yoveli muslimis valia kargad icnobdes Suamavals da mis mier motanil wminda wigns, yurans. am gziT yoveli muslimis sulieri ganviTareba xdeba. rom viyoT kargi muslimebi, aucilebelia kargad vicnobdeT Suamavals da mis cxovrebas.